精萘作為一種常見的化工原料，具有易揮發(fā)、刺激性強(qiáng)的特性，其粉塵或蒸氣直接接觸皮膚時(shí)，可能引發(fā)干燥、紅腫、瘙癢甚至化學(xué)性灼傷等問(wèn)題。在涉及精萘的生產(chǎn)、加工、運(yùn)輸?shù)葓?chǎng)景中，做好皮膚防護(hù)是保障健康的關(guān)鍵，需從接觸前的預(yù)防、接觸時(shí)的防護(hù)到意外接觸后的處理，形成完整的防護(hù)鏈條。

　　As a common chemical raw material, refined naphthalene has the characteristics of being volatile and highly irritating. When its dust or vapor directly contacts the skin, it may cause dryness, redness, itching, and even chemical burns. In scenarios involving the production, processing, and transportation of refined naphthalene, effective skin protection is the key to ensuring health. It is necessary to form a complete protective chain from prevention before contact, protection during contact, to handling after accidental contact.

　　接觸前的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)判與防護(hù)準(zhǔn)備是第一道防線。精萘在常溫下易升華，產(chǎn)生的蒸氣或粉塵可通過(guò)皮膚黏膜被吸收，因此需提前了解作業(yè)環(huán)境中精萘的存在形態(tài) —— 是固態(tài)粉末、熔融狀態(tài)還是蒸氣形式。針對(duì)不同形態(tài)選擇適配的防護(hù)裝備：接觸固態(tài)粉末或顆粒時(shí)，應(yīng)穿著致密的長(zhǎng)袖工作服，袖口和褲腳需收緊（可使用彈性束帶），避免粉塵從縫隙滲入；接觸熔融態(tài)精萘?xí)r，衣物材質(zhì)需具備一定耐熱性，防止高溫液體濺落導(dǎo)致衣物破損。同時(shí)，選擇貼合手部的耐化學(xué)性手套（如丁腈橡膠材質(zhì)），確保手套無(wú)破損且覆蓋至手腕以上，必要時(shí)佩戴護(hù)腕或袖套增強(qiáng)防護(hù)。此外，作業(yè)前需檢查防護(hù)裝備的完整性，清除皮膚表面的油脂和汗液（可使用中性肥皂清潔），減少精萘附著的可能性。

　　Risk prediction and protection preparation before contact are the first line of defense. Naphthalene is prone to sublimation at room temperature, and the resulting vapor or dust can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes. Therefore, it is necessary to understand in advance the form of naphthalene in the working environment - whether it is in solid powder, molten state, or vapor form. Choose appropriate protective equipment for different forms: When in contact with solid powders or particles, wear dense long sleeved work clothes, with tight cuffs and cuffs (elastic straps can be used) to prevent dust from seeping into the gaps; When in contact with molten naphthalene, the clothing material needs to have a certain degree of heat resistance to prevent high-temperature liquids from splashing and causing clothing damage. At the same time, choose chemical resistant gloves that fit the hands (such as nitrile rubber material), ensuring that the gloves are not damaged and cover above the wrist. If necessary, wear wrist guards or sleeves to enhance protection. In addition, it is necessary to check the integrity of protective equipment before starting work, remove oil and sweat from the skin surface (which can be cleaned with neutral soap), and reduce the possibility of naphthalene adhesion.

　　接觸過(guò)程中的實(shí)時(shí)防護(hù)與操作規(guī)范能降低暴露風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。作業(yè)時(shí)應(yīng)避免徒手直接接觸精萘，搬運(yùn)或處理時(shí)需借助專用工具（如鏟、勺、鑷子等），減少皮膚與物料的直接接觸面積。若需在通風(fēng)不良的環(huán)境中作業(yè)，需配合使用局部排風(fēng)裝置，降低空氣中精萘蒸氣濃度，同時(shí)保持作業(yè)區(qū)域整潔，及時(shí)清理散落的精萘粉末，避免因衣物、工具二次沾染而擴(kuò)大接觸范圍。操作過(guò)程中嚴(yán)禁用手觸碰面部、眼睛或口鼻，防止手上殘留的精萘刺激黏膜組織。對(duì)于長(zhǎng)期接觸精萘的場(chǎng)景，應(yīng)制定輪崗制度，縮短單次接觸時(shí)間，讓皮膚有足夠的恢復(fù)周期，減少累積性損傷。

　　Real time protection and operational standards during contact can reduce exposure risks. During homework, direct contact with naphthalene should be avoided with bare hands. Special tools (such as shovels, spoons, tweezers, etc.) should be used for handling or handling to reduce the direct contact area between skin and materials. If it is necessary to work in a poorly ventilated environment, local exhaust devices should be used in conjunction to reduce the concentration of naphthalene vapor in the air, while keeping the work area clean and promptly cleaning up scattered naphthalene powder to avoid expanding the contact range due to secondary contamination of clothing and tools. During the operation, it is strictly prohibited to touch the face, eyes, mouth, or nose with hands to prevent residual naphthalene on the hands from stimulating mucosal tissue. For scenarios involving long-term exposure to naphthalene, a rotation system should be established to shorten the duration of single exposure, allowing sufficient recovery time for the skin and reducing cumulative damage.

　　意外接觸后的科學(xué)處理與后續(xù)護(hù)理可減輕傷害程度。一旦精萘接觸皮膚，需立即脫離接觸環(huán)境，用大量流動(dòng)清水沖洗接觸部位，沖洗時(shí)間不少于 15 分鐘（若為粉末接觸，應(yīng)先輕輕拂去殘留粉末再?zèng)_洗，避免摩擦導(dǎo)致皮膚破損）。沖洗時(shí)需注意清除指甲縫、皮膚褶皺等隱蔽部位的殘留物，水溫以接近體溫為宜（避免過(guò)冷或過(guò)熱刺激皮膚）。若接觸部位出現(xiàn)紅腫、瘙癢，可涂抹無(wú)刺激性的保濕修復(fù)霜，緩解皮膚干燥；若出現(xiàn)水皰、灼傷等嚴(yán)重癥狀，切勿自行挑破水皰，應(yīng)立即用干凈紗布輕輕覆蓋傷口，及時(shí)就醫(yī)處理。后續(xù)需觀察皮膚狀態(tài)，避免接觸部位暴露在陽(yáng)光下或接觸刺激性物質(zhì)（如洗滌劑、酒精等），直至完全恢復(fù)。

　　Scientific treatment and follow-up care after accidental contact can reduce the degree of injury. Once naphthalene comes into contact with the skin, it is necessary to immediately remove it from the contact environment and rinse the contact area with a large amount of flowing water for no less than 15 minutes (if it is powder contact, gently brush off residual powder before rinsing to avoid skin damage caused by friction). When rinsing, attention should be paid to removing residues from hidden areas such as nail crevices and skin folds. The water temperature should be close to body temperature (to avoid skin irritation caused by excessive cold or heat). If there is redness, swelling, or itching at the contact area, apply a non irritating moisturizing repair cream to relieve dry skin; If severe symptoms such as blisters or burns occur, do not attempt to puncture the blisters on your own. Immediately cover the wound with clean gauze and seek medical attention promptly. Subsequently, it is necessary to observe the skin condition and avoid exposing the contact area to sunlight or irritants (such as detergents, alcohol, etc.) until complete recovery is achieved.

　　精萘對(duì)皮膚的傷害具有累積性和潛伏性，防護(hù)工作需貫穿于接觸的全過(guò)程。通過(guò)科學(xué)的防護(hù)準(zhǔn)備、規(guī)范的操作行為以及及時(shí)的應(yīng)急處理，能最大限度降低皮膚受腐蝕的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，為涉萘作業(yè)人員的健康提供有效保障。

　　The damage of naphthalene to the skin is cumulative and latent, and protective measures need to be implemented throughout the entire process of contact. Through scientific protective preparation, standardized operational behavior, and timely emergency response, the risk of skin corrosion can be minimized to the greatest extent possible, providing effective protection for the health of personnel involved in naphthalene operations.

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